传统侗族村落的农业文化涵义与保护策略——以贵州省从江县小黄村为例

分布于湘、黔、桂三省交界地区的传统侗族村落,蕴含着独特的生存理念、文化传统、科学技术,是全人类的宝贵财富,其中黔东南侗族村寨(六洞、九洞侗族村寨——贵州省黎平县、从江县、榕江县)已经在2006年被列为我国世界文化遗产后备名单。在长期的农业生活中,这些侗族村落受到农业文化的影响,蕴含着丰富的农业文化内涵,表现出明显的农业文化特征。侗族村落的选址与侗族先民的生产习惯有着某种联系;侗族村落以鼓楼为核心的结构形式是传统侗族社会组织形式的反映;村落的布局、营造受到农业活动的影响;民族建筑的造型、装饰以及建造过程都与农业生产有密切的关系。随着城市化进程的加快,传统侗族村落也面临保护与发展的问题。要将村落看成是农业文化系统中的一个组成部分,注重整体的保护;把握好"全球重要农业文化遗产"项目带来的机遇,发展旅游业;加快现代化改造,改善村落的生活环境。

Agri-cultural Connotation and Conservation Measures of Traditional Dong Villages: A Case Study on Xiaohuang Village, Congaing County, Guizhou Province

The Dong people, one of the major ethnic minorities in China, live in the southeast edge of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau which is a junction of Hunan, Guizhou, and Guangxi Provinces. Because of the discommodious traffic and the asperity of the environment, a large number of traditional Dong villages were well-preserved and the influence of the modern culture was obviated. Along with social development, traditional values of Dong villages continue to be expanded and recognized. Dong villages in Qiandongnan (Do...