试析晚清早期驻外公使的遴选机制

遴选机制是晚清驻外公使制度的基本内容之一，对于中国近代外交体系的发展具有重要影响。本文通过对这一机制的考察，认为作为公使选拔方式的荐举制蕴含了复杂的政治派系斗争，而以“体用悉备”作为公使选拔的必要条件则满足了中国社会对外交“通才”的需求，这些都体现了中国近代外交初期非计划性和非职业化的特征。

An Analysis on the Selection Mechanism of Envoys in Early Period of Late Qing Dynasty

Selection mechanism is one of the basic content of the late Qing envoys system, so it has an important influence on the development of modern Chinese diplomacy system. Through in- vestigating this mechanism, the paper argues that recommenda- tion mechanism as the envoy selection method contains a com- plex political factions struggle, and as an envoy selection neces- sary condition, ＂body with Chinese traditional culture both West- ern modern knowledge＂ meets the Chinese society diplomacy ＂generalist＂ demand, which all reflect the Chinese modern for- eign affairs early unplanned and non-professional features.