清末昭卓两盟教育状况与近代教育的兴起

清末民初的昭乌达盟和卓索图盟地区(即今内蒙古赤峰地区),由于清政府长期推行蒙汉隔离的统治政策,使得蒙古族社会文化发展严重滞后。两盟境内的蒙、汉等各族人民在文化教育方面,不仅落后于内地而且彼此之间也极不平衡。19世纪末20世纪初,受到国内维新观念及共和意识的影响,昭乌达、卓索图盟各族人民的社会理念发生重大转变,教育状况也有了较大的改观,近代教育从陈旧的塾学和院馆制度中脱颖而出,涌现出一批兴办新学的人才,为近代教育在昭乌达、卓索图两盟的发展积蓄了力量,培养了生力军。

The Educational Situation and the Upsurge of Modern Education in Joo Oda League and Jostu League at the End of Qing Dynasty

In the last years of Qing Dynasty and the first years of the Republic,the social and cultural development of the Mongolians in Joo Oda League and Jostu League(nowadays Chifeng of Inner Mongolia)was seriously lagged because the government of Qing Dynasty had pursued the ruling policy of segregating Mongolian people and Han people.The culture and education of the Mongolian people and Han people in Joo Oda League and Jostu League had fallen behind and unbalanced between them.At the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century,the social concepts changed greatly and the educational situation of the people of all nationalities in Joo Oda League and Jostu League had been improved a lot because of the influence of concept reform and republic awareness.The modern education developed out of the old-styled private schools and a great number of talents to set up modern schools came into being.This accumulated strength and trained new force for the development of modern education in Joo Oda League and Jostu League.