汉字字频统计方法的改进

字频统计是研究实际使用中汉字价值的一种重要方法。以往的字频统计取得了重要的成果,对汉字规范、汉字教学、汉字字典编纂、汉字信息处理以及汉字理论研究都起了重要作用。但也存在基于语料库统计字频造成字频统计结果失真;统计缺乏统一而明确的统计单位,统计结果不科学等问题。解决问题的关键在于建立满足文字统计要求的字料库,必须明确界定统计单位,划分不同层级的汉字统计单位,根据不同需要对其进行分类分层的字频统计。以印刷楷书为例,可以从描写、规定两个方面区分汉字单位。字的单位确定了,字频统计则可以根据不同的统计目的规定统计单位,便于统计数据的使用以及不同统计数据的比较,使得字频统计的科学性得到保障。

Improvement in Statistic Method to Chinese Character Frequency Study

The statistic method in Chinese character frequency study is an important method on measuring the value of Chinese characters.It is also applicable to the standardization of Chinese characters,the Chinese language teaching,the relevant dictionary compiling,the information management in Chinese,and the development of Chinese character theory.However,we have problems in the traditional method:the lack of statistic unit made the outcome difficult to explain,and the corpus error caused it unreasonable.This article hence heads to solve these problems by building up a proper Chinese character form database and a statistical unit system.