关于我国民事诉讼法发回重审制度的思考

将改判和发回重审的两种措施杂糅一处,以及将事实认定错误和事实不清证据不足两种情况一律定为发回重审的做法,既不便于实践中的操作,也有违现代司法理念。但客观地讲,发回重审制度也有其自身的合理性,问题的关键在于在分析其利弊的基础上,合理界定其适用范围。一审诉讼程序违法或者存在瑕疵、二审中出现了符合证据法要求的“新证据”、应由法院调取的证据材料而一审法院未依法调取等情况则可以适用发回重审的措施。

Thoughts on the System of Remanding the Case in Civil Procedure Law

The combination of the two methods,changing the original sentence directly and remanding the case to the court,is not a good choice.And it is not a good modus operandi that fixing on incorrect facts and unclear facts or insufficiency of evidence to the condition of remanding the case.Objectively,the system of remanding the case to the court has its own rationality.What we should do is to define its correct applying scope based on the analysis of its advantages and disadvantages.Maybe the following conditions are the reasonable choices: isolating of the litigation procedure by the first instance or with defects,appearing of the "new evidence" in the procedure of second instance,defaulting to investigate the evidence by the court of first instance.