论“文选”类总集文体排序的规则与体例

历代“文选”类总集的文体排序遵循先文后笔、先源后流、先公后私、先生后死、先雅后俗等基本规则,这些规则分别体现了文体排序的语体特征、时间特征、空间特征、功能特征和审美特征,并分别根基于中国古代的学术文化分类观念、“通古今之变”的历史观念、尊卑亲疏的宗法观念、“重生”“贵生”的传统伦理观念以及雅俗之辨的文化观念。在历代“文选”类总集的编纂中,这一基本体例的运用呈现出混杂性、交错性的特征,这同中国古代总集编纂时“唯假文以辨体,非立体而选文”的编纂方式有关,并体现出中国古代“因文立体”的文体分类意识。

Stylistic Forms and Layouts of General Literary Selections in Ancient Chinese History

The compiling of the general literary selections in ancient China follows such rules of formats and layouts as (i) verse before prose, (ii) origin before development, (iii) public matters before private affairs, (iv) life before death and (v) the refined before the popular. These rules embody the stylistic traits, temporal features, spatial characteristics, functional uniqueness and aesthetic peculiarities respectively, which are in turn based upon the academic culture classification, the evolutional doctrine of historical changes, the patriarchal clan system of social hierarchies and distances, the traditional ethic conception of valuing life and the cultural ideology of distinguishing the refined from the popular. The practical implementations of these appear to be mixed or intervened and have something to do with the traditional compiling principle that "style results from verse but not the other way round".