踏跳动作中下肢肌的储能

下肢肌肉储能大小和再利用率反映了运动员下肢肌的力量素质和动作技术的优劣，也是评定运动员下肢肌肉力量素质的动力学指标。我们采用高速摄影和三维测力，对６名运动员在跳跃踏跳中，下肢肌肉的储能大小、负功利用率及其影响因素进行了研究。试验结果表明：１．外负荷变化时，踏跳缓冲结束瞬时肌肉的力值不同，且存在极值，此极值的大小与运动员的力量素质有关。２．下肢肌肉的储能与缓冲结束瞬时的力值之间有一定的比例关系，当肌肉受到一个最佳的拉伸力时，肌肉储能最多。３．肌肉在向心收缩过程，对其在离心收缩过程中肌肉所做的负功的利用率，随着外负荷的增大而降低。

Storage of Elastic Energy in Human Leg Muscles

The question,that human leg muscles can absorb and temporarily store mechanicalenergy in the form of elastic energy for later re-use,was studied by having six subjects performmaximal vertical jumps on a KISTLER force-platform. The jumps were performed(1) from a semi-squatting position,(2)with counter-movement from a sttanding position,(3)in continuation of jumpdown from heights of 32, 42,or 50 cm. The results indicated that(1) muscular force at the end of pre-strctch increased with the increasing height of jump down ,up to a certain level(jumping down from 42cm);(2 )storage of elastic energy was directly proportinoal to muscular force at the end of pre-stretch;(3)the utilization rate of negative work in the eccentric phase decreased with the increasingheight of jump down.