原点·痕迹·反思:北京美术学校图画手工师范科

中央美术学院的前身——国立北京美术学校,于1920年开办高等部图画手工师范科,但两年后即予以停办。开办该科因师范学校和中学校的图画手工教员缺乏,而停办该科则可能是受当年新学制之颁布与1920年代开始的"高师改大"和"师中合并"运动之影响。该科是现代中国高等艺术院校师范美术教育的原点,其原型虽来于日本,却源于美国:20世纪初美国马萨诸塞州立高等艺术师范学校的图画师范教育课程,经过日本官立东京美术学校白浜徴的过滤与吸收之后变身为图画师范科,并在十多年后又通过郑锦而传至国立北京美术学校的图画手工师范科。

The Origin of Normal Art Education of Academy of Fine Arts in Modern China: The Normal Department of Drawing and Manual Training of Beijing Art School

The predecessor of China Central Academy of Fine Arts' is Beijing Art School, which opened the Normal Department of Drawing and Manual Training in 1920，but was ended it in 1922. Meanwhile the normal art course of Massachusetts Normal Art School in the United States in the early 20th century became the Normal Department of Drawing of Tokyo Art School by transformed by Akira SHIRAHAMA in Japan in 1907. For 10 years afterwards， ZHENG Jin had introduced the Normal Department of Drawing and its curriculum to the Normal Department of Drawing and Manual Training of Beijing Art School.