Science indicators and science patterns in Europe |
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| Authors: | JAS Almeida AACC Pais SJ Formosinho |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada;2. ICAR-CNR and University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 41C, I-87036, Rende (CS), Italy;1. CNRS, UMR LISST-CIEU, Maison de la Recherche, 5 allées Antonio Machado, F-31058 Toulouse, France;2. Université de Toulouse, UT2, UMR LISST-CIEU, F-31058 Toulouse, France;3. CNRS, IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France;4. Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France;1. Division for Science and Innovation Studies, Administrative Headquarters of the Max Planck Society, Munich, Germany;2. Eickedorfer Damm 35, 28865 Lilienthal, Germany;3. CSIC, Institute of Public Goods and Policies (IPP), Madrid, Spain;4. Professorship for Social Psychology and Research on Higher Education, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340 México D.F., Mexico;2. Grupo de Procesos de Transporte y Reacción en Sistemas Multifásicos, Departamento de IPH, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México D.F., Mexico;3. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Valle de México-Coyoacan, Calz de Tlalpan 122, Col. Tlalpan, 09979 México D.F., Mexico;4. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Normalistas 800, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico;5. Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom;1. College of Electronics and Information, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | In this communication we perform an analysis of European science, investigating the way countries are joined in clusters according to their similarity. An extremely clear pattern arises, suggesting that geographical and cultural factors strongly influence the scientific fabric of these countries. Although it is seen that one of the major factors behind Science in Europe is, apparently, geographical proximity, bilateral cooperation between countries cannot fully account for the respective similarity. Long-term policies, planning and investment are also visible in the results. |
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