"政策失败"、比例失衡与性别和谐——农村妇女参与村民自治的新制度经济学分析

从人数上来说,妇女是农村的半边天;然而,在实际的农村社会参与,尤其是政治参与中,她们却处于非常弱势的位置,处于农村政治资源分配的边缘地位。这种现象对农村的发展以及新农村建设有很大的制约作用。与以往对农村妇女参政的研究视角不同,本文试图运用新制度经济学的方法,寻究村民自治在农村妇女参与方面导致“政策失败”的原因,并将其归纳为统治者的偏好和有限理性、意识形态刚性、官僚政治以及参与个体的成本与收益核算等。在此基础上,提出通过强制性制度变迁与诱致性制度变迁相结合的模式,改变农村妇女在村民自治中的参与现状,以促进妇女的发展和社会的进步。

Policy Failure, Imbalance In Proporation And Gender Harmony——An Analysis Of Women's Participation In Village Governance In Terms Of New Policy Economics

Women occupy half in rural population,but they are weak in participating the rural society and politics activities.They are in the edge position of village politics resource division.This phenomenon is limited to the rural development and new rural construction.Different from former study angles,this paper tries to find the reasons for institution change from the fact that rural woman takes part in the villagers self-governess in the way of new institutional economics.And it tries to expound the countermeasure of improving the women' status and impact in villagers self-governess.