焦虑个体注意偏向研究回顾

焦虑是人面临自由选择时存在的心理体验。焦虑症患者或高特质焦虑者在加工信息过程中,对所加工的刺激不是同等程度地分配注意,而是根据刺激的特点进行不同程度的加工,对与威胁相关的刺激产生注意偏向,也就是优先加工威胁性刺激,对威胁性刺激加工效率高。以往对焦虑者注意偏向的研究采用的主要研究范式有:点探测范式和线索-靶子范式。研究的主要被试有:焦虑病人、社交恐惧障碍者和焦虑状态的正常人。选择的实验材料主要是:携带威胁信息的词汇和图片,其中图片主要是带有不同情绪的面孔图片,并以生气的、愤怒的为主。未来的研究应该关注焦虑者注意偏向的形成机制及生理机制。

Research Review about Attentional Bias of the Anxiety Individual

Anxiety can be defined as the mental experience when individual is faced with freedom choice.During processing information,anxiety disorders or individuals with high-trait anxiety will have different processing progress on the basis of stimuli features,without distributing their attention averagely to stimuli.They have the attentional bias toward threat stimuli.They choose the threat stimuli first,and they have high efficiency of processing threat stimuli.Reviewing past work on anxiety,we found that the mainly research paradigm include dot-probe paradigm and cue-target paradigm,and that the participants concentrated on anxiety disorders,social anxiety,and normal individual with anxiety,and that experiment materials used is words and pictures with threat information,mainly including face pictures with different expressing such as unpleased and angry.Future research should throw light on the formation mechanism and physiological mechanism about attentional bias.