我国知识教学面临的三大挑战与理论回应

随着我国第八次课程改革的实践推进,学界围绕着理论与现实存在的"轻视知识"思潮进行了广泛而深入的探讨。概括地说,当前我国基础教育领域的知识教学主要面临三方面的挑战:知识经济、信息社会的冲击;人道主义、人文主义的勃兴;前现代和后现代夹击堵截、工业社会和信息社会同步推进的现实国情。这三大挑战在知识教学的方方面面都有所表现,对知识教学的进一步发展提出了全方位的要求。作为理论回应,我们在本体论上要坚持系统传授-掌握科学文化知识这一基本理论主张,在知识的"质"和"量"上审慎选择,同时积极有效地统领和科学提升学生在学校教育之外的各种认识渠道所获得的信息;在方法论上坚持多样综合的行动策略,对知识教学的具体实现机制加强研究,不断优化传授-掌握知识的过程;在价值论上坚持科学、高效、人道的基本诉求,同时因地制宜,避免单打一、一刀切等极端主张和做法,实事求是地向着现代化的总体目标前进。

Three Major Challenges and Theoretical Responses for China's Knowledge Teaching

There are broad and in-depth discussions on the thought of "knowledge despite" in theory and practice along with the promotion of China’s eighth curriculum reform.Generally,knowledge teaching in today’s elementary education mainly faces three challenges:impact from knowledge economy and information society;renaissance of humanism;and actual conditions with converging attack and interception of pre-modern and post-modern as well as the synchronous development of industrial and information society.These three major challenges are presented in all aspects of knowledge teaching and bring all-around requirements to it.As for the theoretical responses,we shall insist on knowledge teaching-acquisition from the perspective of ontology;and we shall focus on the quality and quantity of knowledge teaching and enrich students’ knowledge from all channels apart from school education.From the perspective of methodology,we shall insist on various and comprehensive action strategies,strengthen the specific implementation mechanism of knowledge teaching,and continue to optimize the knowledge teaching-acquisition process.From the perspective of axiology,we shall insist on scientificality,efficiency,and humanisticality as the basic demands,take suitable measures to avoid one-track mind,single approach,or other extreme idea and practice,and hence realistically walk towards the overall goal of education modernization.