GIS支持下的城市地价动态监测体系建立方法初探

土地已经成为社会主义市场经济重要的宏观调控手段，价格杠杆调控是城市土地资源优化配置的重要组成。城市地价动态监测体系的建立，可及时掌握城市地价的变化动态，量化反映城市地价变化信息。以镇江市城市地价动态监测体系建立为例，在GIS支持下，探讨其建立方法，对地价区段的划分、地价监测点的选择、地价指数的编制等做了完善和细化。计算结果显示，镇江市商业用地地价指数自1998年到2002年，总趋势是稳中有升，各级升幅不等，以二级地地价升幅最大，为29%；六级地升幅最小，为7%。研究表明： ①地价监测点的选择和确定是该体系建立的关键步骤，合理运用城市土地定级和基准地价评估资料，是城市地价动态监测体系建立的前提； ②体系建设中，地理信息系统的使用，可以快速方便地进行检索、查询、图形显示以及数据管理； ③《城市地价动态监测体系技术规范》在技术准备、监测点设立、监测点资料整理等方面具有可操作性和合理性，但也存在问题值得讨论。

Methodology for Establishment of Urban Land Price Monitoring Systems Based on GIS

Land had been used as a macroscopic administration measure in our country,and the land price adjustment had become an important method of city land resource optimizing deployment.The instauration of Urban Land Price Dynamic Monitoring System could take us the dynamic change of city land price,and it could also take us the quantified information of price change.This paper is about the methodology of the instauration of urban land price dynamic system and takes Zhenjiang City as a case. First,it introduced the purpose and the meaning of the system instauration,and the research technical line of land price monitor system instauration had been put forward. Second,it talked about the process of the system instauration,and the steps as following: 1) Data preparing; 2) Land price section plotting.In this paper,7 commercial land price sections,21 residence sections and 15 industry sections had been set up; 3) The monitoring sample selection and confirmation.We had selected 22 commercial land price samples,10 residence samples and 6 industry samples,and then,26 exchanged samples had been selected,so we can validated the price between the samples; 4) Evaluation of land price samples.In this step,all the price of samples have been corrected to uniform meaning,and the price of each sample had been evaluated in two different ways,in this,we could obtain the price of all samples in uniform meaning; 5) The land price index calculation.The La Shi Formula had been used to count the commercial land price index and a chart of land price index tendency had been drawn.The calculation results show that the index of commercial land price had been promoted from 1998 to 2002 in Zhenjiang city,and different land level took different extent.The maximum extent is 29% of the second land level and the minimum extent is 7% of the sixth land level; 6) The database construction. In the last,some conclusion and discussion of this paper had been given: 1) The land monitor sample selecting is a key step of dynamic monitoring construction and the data of city land classification and evaluation are also very important; 2) The using of GIS could take us many convenience in searches,inquiring,map display and data management; 3) There are much operation and rationality in the Technical Guidelines of Urban Land Price Dynamic Monitoring Information System,and there are also some worth discussed problems.