运动性疲劳对横踢技术动作特征及其击打速度的影响研究

探究高水平跆拳道运动员身体出现不同量度的运动性疲劳时,横踢技术动作特征出现的差异及其对击打速度产生的影响程度。对20名跆拳道运动员采用Excalibur Sport cycle ergometer功率自行车进行诱导疲劳和YSI 1500 SPORT乳酸测试仪测定疲劳程度并划分为轻度、中度、重度三个量度;运用VICON Nexus三维系统捕捉横踢技术的运动轨迹,运用VICON Polygon软件将运动轨迹划分为启动、击打、回收三个时段进行分析。结果显示:启动时段三种疲劳的动作时间为:轻度疲劳0.25 s<中度疲劳0.27 s<重度疲劳0.29 s;击打时段的动作速度为:轻度疲劳12.20 m/s>中度疲劳11.75 m/s>重度疲劳10.64 m/s;横踢技术在回收时段的启动和加速过程中,三种类型之间的动作特征所表现出来的差异存在显著性(p<.05)。运动性疲劳的量度对横踢技术动作特征及其击打速度的影响较为显著。运动性疲劳的量度越大,技术动作的稳定性相对较差,鞭打动作形式也相对较差,对动作特征和击打速度的影响程度也越大;运动性疲劳的量度随着体内乳酸含量的变化...

Research on Influences of Exercise Fatigue on Movement Characteristics and Strike Speed of Turning Kick

This paper examined the differences in the kinematics of turning-kick movements and strike speed when high-level Taekwondo athletes experienced different degrees of exercise fatigue. In this research, 20 taekwondo athletes were induced fatigue by Excalibur Sport Cycle Ergometer power bicycle and YSI 1500 SPORT blood lactic acid tester. The fatigue degree was measured and divided into three measurements:mild, moderate and severe. Moreover, The VICON Nexus 3D system was used to capture the motion trajectory of the turning kick, and the VICON Polygon was used to divide the motion trajectory into three periods:start, hit, and recovery. The action time of 3 measurements in the start period was mild fatigue 0.25s < moderate fatigue 0.27s < severe fatigue 0.29s. The action speed of the hitting period was:mild fatigue 12.20m/s > moderate fatigue 11.75m/s > severe fatigue 10.64m/s. In the recovery period, the turning kick had a significant difference in kinematics among the three types of fatigue during the steering start and acceleration (p<.05). The measurements of sports fatigue had a significant effect on the movement characteristics and strike speed of the turning kick. The measurement of sports fatigue was greater, the stability of the turning kick was worse. Besides, the characteristics of the whipping action were relatively poor, and the influence on the movement characteristics and the strike speed was greater. The time node of lactic acid peak was not only the time node reflecting the severe fatigue of the body, but also the time for the coach to adjust the technique and tactics reasonably. Furthermore, the time was also an important point to reduce the influence on technical action by eliminating fatigue.