新疆贝母属的核型研究

作者研究了产于我国新疆的6种贝母以及引种的浙贝母的核型。其中5种为首次报道。

A Karyological Study on Fritillaria from Xinjiang

Fritillary is a precious Chinese medicinal herb.  Those native to Xinjiang Northwest China, are even more distinguished from other sources for their purity and effectiveness.  Fritillaria in Xinjiang comprises 8 native species and one (F. thunbergii Miq.) introduced from Zhejiang, East China.  In this paper the authors describe the karyotypes of 6 species native to Xinjiang and F. thunbergii Miq., of which five, i.e.F. olgae Vved., F. walujewii Regel, F. yuminensis X. Z. Duan, F. karelinii (Fisch.) Baker and F. thunbergii Miq. were studied for the first time.  Detail observation and measur- ment of chromosomes in each of them were made.  The data obtained may be summa- rized as follows:            scietific name                       karyotype formula (2n=)      F. pallidiflora Schrenk               2m + 2sm + 6st + 14t      F. olgae Vved.                       4m + 6st + 14t      F. walujewii Regel                    2m + 2sm + 8st+ 12t      F. yuminensis X. Z. Duan           4m + 8st + 12t      F. verticillata Willd                 4m + 8st + 12t      F. karelinii (Fisch.) Baker           4m + 4sm + 4st + 12t      F. thunbergii Miq.                    2m + 2sm + 4st + 16t       The karyotype of the native species are, on the whole, similar to each other except that of F. karelinii (Fisch.) Baker, a species inhabiting desert areas.  The number of m-sm chromosomes has increased from 2 to 4 and the number of st-t chromosomes decreased correspondently.  So is the karyotype of F. thunbergii Miq. which is noted for its high ratio of long chromosome/short chromosome and the more t-chromosomes. These two peculiar karyotypes coincide amazingly with their specific natural habitats.