备战第32届夏季奥运会视域下基于Fanger模型的运动中热环境对人体热感觉及能量消耗的影响研究

基于传热学领域的Fanger模型计算与模拟第32届夏季奥运会比赛中可能出现的极端热环境条件下人体热感觉和能量消耗的变化。有关运动中热环境与人体热感觉的研究表明:环境温度对于人体热感觉的影响最大,环境温度每增加1℃可引起热感觉0.20~0.25个等级的升高;其次为环境风速对人体热感觉的影响,环境风速从0增加至0.2 m/s可引起热感觉约0.10个等级的降低,随着环境风速的增加对人体热感觉的影响越小;环境相对湿度对人体热感觉的影响最小,环境相对湿度每增加10%可引起热感觉约0.10个等级的升高。有关运动中热环境与人体能量消耗的研究表明:环境温度对人体代谢当量的影响最大,环境温度每上升1℃可引起代谢当量约0.20 METs的增加;环境风速对人体代谢当量的影响次之,当环境风速从0增加至0.2 m/s,人体代谢当量增加了约1.70 METs;环境相对湿度对人体代谢当量的影响最小,环境相对湿度每上升10%可引起人体代谢当量约0.09 METs的增加。

Effects of Thermal Environment on Thermal Sensation and Energy Expenditure in Sports Based on Fanger Model from the Perspective of the 32th Summer Olympic Games

This study investigates the effects of extreme thermal environment,which may occur in the 32th Summer Olympic Games on thermal sensation and energy consumption based on the Fanger model,which is a classic model in the field of heat transfer.Previous studies show that the environmental temperature is the greatest impact on the thermal sensation,and 1℃increase of environmental temperature can cause 0.20 to 0.25 level increase of thermal sensation.In addition,if the environmental wind speed increase from 0 to 0.2 m/s,the thermal sensation will decrease by 0.10 level,the greater wind speed will induce the smaller thermal sensation.Lastly,the environmental relative humidity has the smallest impact on thermal sensation;the 10%increase of relative humidity can cause 0.10 level increase of thermal sensation.The studies of thermal environment and energy consumption during sports indicate that the environmental temperature has the greatest impact on metabolic equivalent,the 1℃rise of environmental temperature can cause metabolic equivalent increases by 0.20 METs;the environmental wind speed increases from 0 to 0.2 m/s,the metabolic equivalent increases by about 1.70 METs;the relative humidity has the smallest impact on metabolic equivalent with the 10%increase of relative humidity cause 0.09 METs increase of metabolic equivalent.