试论明代中后期私盐泛滥的原因及影响

明代前期开中盐法的实行，收到了很好的效果。明代中后期，由于开中法的废止，以及盐法本身的弊端日益暴露，私盐开始泛滥。私盐的泛滥导致官盐销售量减少，影响了政府的财政收入，同时对官场风气和社会稳定产生了不利影响。私盐问题一直困扰着明代政府，明代中后期每一次盐政改革都和治理私盐密切相关。

The Causes for and Impact of Private Salt Flooding in the Late Ming Dynasty

In the early Ming dynasty, the application of Producing Salt Law had achieved a good result. While in the mid- and late period, the denunciation of the Law and the shortcomings in the Law led to the flooding of private salt, which made the official salt selling drop greatly, reduced the government＇s revenue, and also did a great harm to government work style and social stability. Private salt had always troubled the Ming Dynasty governments, so every salt policy reform was to check private salt.