论宪法上的体育——各国宪法体育条款概况分析

体育因其在教育、健康、文化、经济以及对外交往等方面发挥的重要作用,逐渐引起世界各国的广泛关注,甚至写入了各国的宪法。为研究宪法上的体育,利用互联网搜索的方法收集全球宪法文本,共通过三轮资料收集和五轮筛选,整理出全球74个含有体育内容的宪法文本及其体育条款。通过分析相关宪法体育条款的写入时间、所处区域、使用语言、国家性质、所属法系、发达程度和条款数目等七个因子,展现了全球各国宪法体育条款的概况。研究认为,在适当的时候,可以考虑在我国宪法公民权利章节承认体育作为人的基本权利。采取的形式,可以是专门写入一条规定体育权利,也可以是将原来总纲第21条第2款的规定,调整到公民权利章节作为独立的一条。更为重要的是,给予体育权利更为具体的保障。

On Sports in Constitutions——Analysis on Sports Articles in the Constitutions of All Countries

Sports,because of its important role in education,health,culture,economy and foreign exchanges,is attracting worldwide attention and has even been written into the constitutions of all countries.In order to research the constitutional sports,the paper,depending on Internet search,collects the texts of all the constitutions in the world(3 rounds of data collection and 5 rounds of screening) and sorts out 74 constitutional texts and articles containing sports contents.Through the analysis of the relevant seven factors of the writing-in time,the area,the use of language,the nature of the countries,the belonging of the law,the development level and the number of the articles,the paper reveals the general situation of the sports articles in the constitutions of all countries.The research believes that it is advisable to include sports in the civil rights chapter of China’s constitution as human’s basic right at the right time.