自我与他人同一性的神经现象学进路

神经现象学是神经科学和现象学相结合的新兴多学科研究领域,主要解释不同人称视角下意识体验的转换及其神经基础。它的兴起为自我和他人同一性的研究开辟了全新的进路。神经现象学认为在他人与自我之间的等价关系是依靠一种"体验式共鸣"的具身模仿机制来完成的。通过具身模仿,使得我们对他人行为的现象描述与自我产生的类似行为的内部表征相一致。当前的研究发现镜像神经元很有可能是赋予我们这种具身模仿能力的神经机制。通过与他人共享这种神经状态的方式,使得自我———他人能够共享不同身体的意识体验,从而实现"客观他人"到"主观自我"的转变。

A neuro-phenomenological study of the self-other identity

Neurophenomenology is a new interdisciplinary field combining phenomenology and neuroscience,aiming at accounting for the transformation of experiences of consciousness in different person and perspective.This is a new approach to self-other identity.A direct form of experiential attunement of others is achieved by modeling their behaviors as intentional experiences on the scale of equivalence between what others do and feel and self does and feels.This mechanism is embodied in simulation by which an action,emotion or an intention can be perceived.It is concluded that the mirror neurons enable objectual other to become subjectual self.