昆明烟区特色优质烟叶定位及开发的研究初报

2006～2008年将多个烤烟品种（系）在昆明烟区4个生态点进行同田对比试验，针对不同产地烟叶的化学成分和评吸质量特性进行分析，分析结果表明：1．产地对烟叶化学成分和评吸质量起主导作用，同一产地烟叶年度间化学成分的变幅较小，不同产地烟叶的评吸质量呈现明显的梯度变化．2．评吸质量以烟叶总糖含量（质量分数）30．0％一35．0％，还原糖含量25．0％～28．0％的较好，而总糖含量20．0％～28．0％，还原糖含量17．0％～22．0％的略差．3．根据区域对品种的包容性和强选择性，烟叶质量以类似石林路美邑区域为一类优质烟区A亚区，嵩明杨桥区域为一类优质烟区B亚区，而类似西山厂口与禄劝翠华区域为二类优质烟区．建议在生态条件不足或娴叶质量欠缺的产地，可以采取合理选择种植品种及改善烟叶的烟碱、氧化钾和氯含量等配套栽培措施来彰显烟叶特色．

Preliminary Study on Location and Development of Feature High-quality Tobacco Leaves in Kunming

Comparative tests of similar fields were carried out for different flue-cured tobacco varieties （lines） at four ecological locations of Kunming tobacco-growing areas in 2006 -2008 to analyze the characteristics of chemical compositions and smoking quality of tobacco leaves from different locations. The results showed that：Firstly, ecological environmental conditions play a leading role on effect of the chemical components and smoking quality, which had little changes on chemical components at the same place in the inter-annuals and smoking quality from different areas showed a clear gradient. Secondly, when contents of total sugar and reducing sugar is 30. 0% - 35.0% and 25.0% - 28. 0% respectively, the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves was better, while contents of total sugar and reducing sugar is 20. 0% - 28. 0% and 17.0%- 22. 0% respectively, smoking quality grew worse. Thirdly, according to regional inclusive and strong selective to varieties,Lumeiyi region in Shilin County is A zone of the first class of high-quality tobacco,and Yangqiao region in Sonming County is B zone of the first class of high-quality tobacco. The second class of high-quality tobacco zones is those as Changkou in Sishan District or Cuihua in Luquan County. It is suggested that in the areas lacking of ecological conditions and tobacco leaves qualities, the features of tobacco leaves be showed by rational selection of planting varieties and improvement of the contents of nicotine, potassium oxide and chlorine as well as other supporting planting measures.