澳联邦民主议会体制下利益集团政治游说环境与策略探析

利益集团的政治游说活动是澳联邦政府制定公共政策时不可忽略的重要因素之一。职业说客（lobbyist）受雇于某一利益团体,采用各种＂布道＂手段来与立法者建立沟通渠道,从外部对政府决策或行动施加影响。随着社会的多元化和利益的分散化,一度被指责为公共政策领域寄生产物的政治游说,现已在澳大利亚获得了普遍的认可,被视为民众与执行政府之间合法而且必要的沟通渠道。本文回顾与分析了澳联邦民主议会制度下,游说策略的发展演变过程及背景,明确指出政治游说已走出国会＂议事堂走廊＂,成为了一种＂公开性活动＂。

Analysis to the Environmental and Strategic Changes of Lobbying Industry under the Australian Parliamentary Government

Lobbying campaign carried out by interest groups is an unneglectable element in the public policy-making process under Australian parliamentary government.Lobbyist,being haired by certain interest group,managed to build connections with government authorities to exert outside political influence on government policy decisions and actions,and was resultantly criticized as a parasitical growth on the business of government.However,with the pluralization of Australian society and the fragmentation of public interests,lobbying has now gained wide acceptance in Australia as a legitimate and necessary channel of communication between the executive government and the community.This paper,with a brief review of and analysis to the historical evolution of lobbying strategies,argues that Australian lobbying industry has moved from the corridors and backrooms of the Parliament.to become a ＇public affair＇.