雉鸡、鹧鸪及鹌鹑肾组织结构比较研究

利用显微技术对雉鸡（Phasianus colchicus）、鹧鸪（Francolinus pintadeanus）及鹌鹑（Coturnix coturnix）的肾进行了比较.结果显示：与大多数鸟类相似,肾由许多肾小叶构成,皮质与髓质分界不明显,主要由许多肾单位、集合管和少量的结缔组织组成.肾单位由一个肾小体和一个与其连接的肾小管构成.肾小体体积小,数量多;肾小球结构简单,由一团蟠曲的毛细血管构成.近曲小管上皮细胞游离面有刷状缘,远曲小管和集合管管腔较大,腔面无刷状缘.鹧鸪的肾小球、近曲小管及远曲小管的数量均高于雉鸡和鹌鹑,表明鹧鸪的肾较鹌鹑和雉鸡的肾具有更强的尿液浓缩功能,但需进一步研究.

Comparative Study on the Kidney histology of Phasianus Colchicus, Francolinus Pintadeanus and Coturnix Coturnix

The kidney structure ofPhasianus colchicus,Francolinus pintadeanusand Coturnix coturnix were compared by light microscope.The result showed that the kidney consists of many reniculi similar to that of most birds.The verge of cortex and medulla in kidney was not clear.The kidney is composed of many nephrons,collecting ducts and a little connective tissue.The nephron comprises a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.The renal corpuscles were small but abundant.The structure of glomerular capillary was very simple and made from convoluted capillaries.The proximal convoluted tubule was lined with a well-developed brush border.The lumen diameters of both distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct were large,and their cell apex had no bush border.The number of glomerular capillary,proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule ofFrancolinus pintadeanus was more than that ofPhasianus colchicus and Coturnix coturnix.The evidence indicates that the ability of urinary concentration in Francolinus pintadeanuskidney may be stronger than that inCoturnix coturnix andPhasianus colchicus,yet still need further study is needed.