由误国至卖国——李鸿章的思想行为发展轨迹

李鸿章是中国近代史上的一个重要的且是至今仍有争议的人物。本文针对史学界对他是卖国还是误国或是爱国的认识分歧,提出个人见解,认为李鸿章在晚清政坛活动的近40年中,他的思想行为与当时社会及清王朝向下行线发展相步趋,经历了一个对外来侵略者从妥协退让以致误国到通敌卖国的过程,并对这一过程的发展轨迹进行了分析论述。

From Hindering the Development of His Country to Betraying His Country——The Developing Trace of Li Hong zhang's Thought and action

Li Hong zhang was an important as well as controversial character in Chinese modern history. This paper, aiming at the divergence in the field of history concerning with whether he was a betrayer or a patriot, advances personal opinions. During his nearly 40 years' political life in late Qing, he experienced a process from compromising to the invaders to hindering the development of his country, and even betraying his country, whose thought and action was at the same pace with the decline of the Qing government. And in this paper, the development trace of his process is thoroughly analyzed and expounded.