The interplay of positivity and self-verification strivings: Feedback preference under increased desire for self-enhancement |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Jagiellonian University, Department of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Poland;2. University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Psychology, USA;1. Department of Teaching and Learning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA;2. University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Department of Educational Foundations, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA;4. Department of Educational Studies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA;1. Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, L9, 33 Berry Street, North Sydney, 2060, Australia;2. Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom;3. Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany;1. Karlsruhe University of Education, Germany;2. Vorarlberg University of Education, Austria;3. Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Tübingen, Germany;1. Project Director, Research and Outcomes Assessment, Teaching & Learning with Technology, NYU IT, 10 Astor Place, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10012, USA;2. Clinical Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NYU College of Dentistry, 345 E 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010, USA;3. Paulette Goddard Chair in Digital Media and Learning Science, Professor at New York University, Founding Director of the CREATE Consortium for Research and Evaluation of Advanced Technology in Education and co-director of the Games for Learning Institute, 194 Mercer Street, 8th Floor, New York, NY, 10012, USA;1. Ruhr University Bochum, Germany;2. University of Osnabrück, Germany;3. University of Bielefeld, Germany;4. Institute for Educational Quality Improvement (IQB), Berlin, Germany;5. Center for International Student Assessment (ZIB), Germany;6. University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Feedback preference is motivated. In the educational context, two main drivers of feedback preference are the desire for positive evaluation (self-enhancement motive) and the desire for subjectively accurate information (self-verification motive). Whereas the former produces positivity bias, the latter is seen in the preference for feedback consistent with one's established self-perception. Therefore, before the study, we measured participants' self-perception in the social domain. In the laboratory, we presented them with two evaluations of their social abilities: one positive, one negative. We tested participants' preferences for these feedback options under increased self-enhancement motivation. Study 1 showed that participants high (vs. low) on the desire for positive evaluation exhibited an enhanced preference for positive feedback. This was mainly true for participants with positive self-perception. Study 2 showed that under situationally increased self-enhancement motivation, people prefer positive feedback, regardless of its perceived accuracy. The results shed light on how motivation affects feedback processing. |
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| Keywords: | Self-enhancement Self-verification Feedback Self-perception Desire for positive evaluation |
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