战略性关键矿产资源供给安全研究综述与展望

战略性关键矿产资源事关人类社会持续发展、在关键领域发挥战略性作用。本文从战略性关键矿产资源的界定与遴选、供给风险评价与预警、供给安全体系优化与政策三方面对当前研究进行了综述。主要结论有：①战略性关键矿产资源是满足国防军事需求与实现战略性关键产业良性发展的原材料,是一个国家或地区主权属性的集中体现,需结合国家或地区发展实际动态遴选战略性关键矿种;②战略性关键矿产资源供给风险具有更强的模糊性与不确定性,战略性关键矿产资源供给风险评价模型的建立面临诸多挑战;③通过全球资源优化配置,完善全球治理体系,是战略性关键矿产资源供给安全体系优化与政策选择的重要方向。从多学科交叉研究供给安全的形成机理,由大数据驱动与全球供给链跟踪明确供给风险评价要素,基于外部冲击因素和内部产业因素结合的视角完善战略性关键矿产资源供给安全政策是未来战略性关键矿产供给安全研究的重要方向。

A review and prospects of the supply security of strategic key minerals

Strategic key minerals are related to the sustainable development of the society and play strategic roles in key industrial fields. This article reviewed the definition and selection of strategic and critical minerals, their supply risk assessment, and early warning research, and supply security system optimization and related policies. The main conclusions are as followed. (1) Strategic key minerals are raw materials that meet the needs of national defense and military systems, and for achieving the stable development of strategic key industries. There is a need to define strategic key minerals dynamically based on national development. (2) The supply risks of strategic key minerals have stronger ambiguity and uncertainty, and the supply risk evaluation models of strategic key minerals face many challenges. (3) Optimizing global resource allocation and improving the global governance system are important directions for optimizing supply security system of strategic key minerals and for policy choices. Future research on the supply security of strategic key minerals could be deepened from multidisciplinary research on the formation mechanism of supply security and the identification of supply risk factors by global supply chain tracking and big data-driven methods, and optimizing the policy system from the perspective of integrating external shock factors and internal industrial factors.