国外元认知教学的特点及影响

元认知教学以学生的自我调节的学习能力培养为目标,在教学中建立元认知性环境,进行元认知示范和训练,使学生了解自己的学习特点、学习目标、学习进程、学习效果,以达到对学习进行自我调节的目的。国外元认知教学方法多元,既注重学科学习又注重社会行为养成,既培养一般性元认知又关注特殊性元认知的发展。元认知教学对教师和学生产生了深远影响,在教师知识结构、教学环境营造和学生学习结果评价中元认知成为重要内容。元认知教学的发展为学生自主学习能力的培养找到了现实可行的途径,有助于实现"教是为了不教"的教育理想。

The Characteristics of Meta-cognition Teaching and Its Impact

Meta-cognition teaching aims at making students have the ability of self-regulated learning by all of the ways of constructing meta-cognitive environment or modeling and training meta-cognitive skills as to make students understand their learning characteristics,goals,process and effect,finally have their self-regulated learning.The multiple meta-cognition teaching methods in foreign countries not only focus on subject learning and the cultivation of social behavior,but also stress on the development of universal meta-cognition and specific meta-cognition.Meta-cognition teaching makes great impact on teachers and students deeply in the fields of knowledge structure of teachers,teaching environment construction and students assessment.Meta-cognition teaching is an efficient way to cultivate students'self-regulated learning ability,which can promote the realization of the educational ideal that teaching aims at students'self learning,not teaching.