英国城市现代化的准备阶段——老城市的转型与新城市的兴起(1500-1750年)

虽然城市现代化进程开始于英国工业革命,但其准备阶段却可前溯到工业革命前的两个多世纪.从1500年到1 750年,英国城市开始发生本质上的变化,即越来越具有现代品质.从中世纪过来的老城市,向经济商业化、开放化、专门化等方向转型;17世纪中叶后兴起的新城市,从一诞生就具有诸多现代品质.老城市的转型和新城市的兴起,构成了英国城市现代化准备阶段的两个方面.

The Preparation Phase of English Urban Modernization (1500-1750)

The urban modernization began with the Industrial Revolution in England,but the period between 1500 and 1750 might be regarded as a preparation phase of English urban modernization.English cities and towns had more and more modernity in the two and a half of centuries.The economy of the old towns which come from the middle times had transformed themselves along three orientations from 1500 to 1750: commercialism,openingness and specialization.The new cities which rose from the mid of the 17th century were b...