文学体裁四分法补释

现有文学理论教材对文学体裁大多采用四分法,但基本上是从语言运用、艺术形象的塑造等方面来立论。其实,这些特征有着深层的思维方式和情感表达方式上的差异作为内在基础。小说和剧本作为以叙事为主的作品,在形象塑造上侧重时间上的先后顺序和逻辑上的因果关系,适合表达多元错位的、动态复杂的情感;诗和散文作为以抒情为主的文学作品,在形象塑造上注重意象的空间组合,注重空间上的共时性,适合表达较为单一和同质的情感。四种文学体裁应从整体上进行观照。

A Supplementary Explanation to the Quartation of Literary Types

The existing literature theory teaching materials mostly adopt the quartation for literary works,however,they mainly make the point from the language application,artistic image shaping and so on.In fact,the difference between the deeper thinking mode and the emotional expression from these characteristics is the internal base.Novels and play featuring on narrative put emphasis on terms of time and for cause-and-effects in logic about shaping images as well as compatibly convey the multivariate misplaced complex feeling;While poetries and prose,the works of expressing emotion,lay stress on imagery spatial organization and synchronicity about image shaping,and can convey sole and coessential emotion.There should be a whole interpretation to the four literary types.