论晚清官营工业商办化的原因

19世纪后半期洋务派掀起创办军民用工业企业的热潮,企业官营一时占据上风。然而,甲午战争后,部分企业向商办转化。造成这种转变的根本原因是政治经济体制腐朽所致。西方诸大国的经济侵略、商人群体和商办思想的发展也是不可忽视的重要原因,清廷政策调整则加速了这种转变。

The Cause of the State-owned Industry Managed by Private Businessmen in Late Oing Dynasty

In the late 19th century, Yang-wu Group started the upsurge of setting up military and people used industry enterprises. Government -operated enterprises hold the superior position at a period of time. But after the Jia-wu War, part of the enterprises changed into merchant-operated. The basic reason why this transform appeared was that the political and economical system was decayed. The economical aggression of western countries and the development of the merchant group and the thought of merchant-operated were other important reasons that cannot be ignored. Meanwhile, the policy adjustment of Qing government accelerated this transform.