澳大利亚大学开放获取政策调研与分析

[目的/意义]澳大利亚是开放获取（OA）运动的引领者和积极践行者，研究澳大利亚大学开放获取政策的现状和特点，对国内开放获取运动的顺利推进有积极借鉴意义。[方法/过程]搜集澳大利亚38所大学和2个官方资助机构的共计40份开放获取政策原文，以此为基础对原文进行统计分析和文本解读，从澳大利亚开放获取政策的发布时间、产生机制、实现途径、政策目的、实施范围、概念定义、存缴类型、开放要求、各方职责、版权声明这10个方面，较为全面地揭示澳大利亚大学开放获取政策的现状和特点。[结果/结论]澳大利亚大学开放获取政策有以下特点：澳大利亚的大部分大学都发布了开放获取政策，占比88.6%的高普及率归功于政府科研资助机构的政策示范和经费推动；各大学对开放获取政策持积极态度，自上而下推进政策发布与实施；各大学偏向于支持和鼓励绿色OA的发展之路，对科研成果的OA自存储规定偏强制性；对OA政策的相关概念给出了明确定义，内容完整规范清晰，可操作性强。以此为基础提出了推动我国开放获取运动的建议。

Survey and Analysis on Open Access Policies of Australian Universities

[Purpose/significance] Australia is the pioneer and active practitioner of the open-access movement. Studying the status and characteristics of Australia's Universities' open access policies could provide a positive reference for the promotion of the domestic open-access movement. [Method/process] This paper collects 40 original open access policies documents available from 38 Australian universities and 2 Australian institutions Websites. Based on this, statistical analysis and text interpretation are conducted from 10 aspects of Australia's open access policies such as adoption date, source of policy, approach, purpose, scope, definitions, deposit types, open requirements, roles and responsibilities, the copyright statement. This paper makes a comprehensive disclosure of the status and characteristics of Australia's open access policies.[Result/conclusion] It is found that the Australian open access policy has the following characteristics: the popularity of the Australian open access policy is attributed to the demonstration of policies of the government research funding agencies and government funding allocation; policy content is clear, regular and practical; most of the policies are mandatory; Australian colleges and universities take a positive attitude toward the open access policy, and policies are generated from management decision. Based on these, some suggestions are proposed for promoting China's open access movement.