The International Friendly Campus Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, United States;2. Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States;3. Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, United States;1. Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India;2. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India;1. II Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland;2. University for Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty in Wroclaw, Poland |
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Abstract: | The International Friendly Campus Scale (IFCS) was developed with a sample of 501 international students. The 18-item IFCS includes five subscales: International Center Services (α = .85), Social Engagement (α = .70), Academic Support (α = .84), Identification with Institution (α = .86), and Campus Discrimination (α = .75). The factor structure was examined and cross-validated with two randomly split samples. Moreover, multigroup confirmatory factor analyses results indicated measurement and structural invariance of the IFCS between men and women. The construct validity of the IFCS was supported by its associations with life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, social connection with mainstream society, academic stress, and two forms of discrimination (i.e., racial/national and language) in the expected directions. Moreover, the IFCS total score and four subscale scores added significant incremental variance in predicting life satisfaction over and above positive and negative affect. The initial psychometric evaluation indicates that the IFCS is a promising measure that could be further used to assess the international friendliness of university campuses. |
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Keywords: | Scale development International students Campus climate Factor analysis Psychometric evaluation |
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