中国出口产品国内技术含量的影响因素研究

参与国际垂直分工,可以提高出口产品技术含量,这已经被中国的实践所证明,但能否提高中国出口产品的国内技术含量还存在很大争议。利用2001年至2010年中国制造业20个行业的数据,计算了中国出口制造业产品的国内技术含量。研究发现中国出口产品的国内技术含量不断上升,但在不同行业上表现有很大差异,传统的资本密集型行业程度较高,高科技行业表现较差。同时研究了出口国内技术含量变化的影响因素,结果发现垂直专业分工的影响程度较小,主要受研发投入影响。因此,应该加强自主创新,保护知识产权,同时调整引进外资结构,提高高中间产品进口。

The influential factors of domestic technological contents of Chinese export products

Participating in international vertical division of labour is able to improve the technological content of export products, the fact has been proven by the practices in China, but whether or not it could improve the domestic technological contents of Chinese export products is still debatable. By using the data of Chinese manufacturing industry between 2001 and 2010, the domestic technological contents of Chinese exports products are calculated. It is found that the level of domestic technology of Chinese export products is continuously increasing, but it is different for different industries. The level for traditional capital-intensive industries is higher; the performance of high-tech industry is quite poor. The impact factors of domestic technological contents for Chinese export products are studied, it is found that the impact of vertical specialization is quite small, mainly affecting by the R&D investment. Therefore, the independent innovation should be strengthened, at the same time improving the imports of high-tech content products.