Developmental changes in uncertainty monitoring during an event recall task |
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Authors: | Nicole von der Linden Claudia M Roebers |
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Institution: | 1. Lehrstuhl für Psychologie IV, Institut für Psychologie, Universit?t Würzburg, R?ntgenring 10, 97070, Würzburg, Germany 2. University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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Abstract: | The present study was conducted to examine developmental progression in children’s metacognitive monitoring competencies in
the context of a complex memory task. 7- and 9-year-olds rated their confidence after answering questions in two different
question formats (unbiased and misleading) and two different question types (answerable and unanswerable). Feeling-of-knowing
judgments were gathered for questions that had previously been answered with “don’t know.” The results showed that children
from both age groups appropriately differentiated between correct and incorrect answers to unbiased questions in their confidence
judgments, between answerable and unanswerable questions, and appropriately showed lower confidence levels in their confidence
judgments than in their feeling-of-knowing judgments. 9-year-olds proved to be further able to discriminate metacognitively
between correct and incorrect answers to misleading answerable questions in their confidence judgments while 7-year-olds were
not. The comparison of feeling-of-knowing judgments before correct and incorrect recognition indicated that metacognitive
differentiation at the lower end of the uncertainty–certainty continuum posed problems for these age groups. The observation
of an adult confederate modeling appropriate metamemory monitoring did not improve children’s metacognitive performance.
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Keywords: | Metacognition Confidence judgments Model learning Monitoring Memory development |
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