髋关节滑膜皱襞的解剖学研究

观测了胎儿、儿童和成人组各21具防腐尸体的髋关节骨膜皱襞.在髋的唇外缘较低的部分,在股骨头韧带基部和沿着股骨颈滑膜反折线外,呈现扁平和绒毛两种类型的滑膜皱襞.我们分别称之为唇皱襞,韧带皱襞和颈皱襞.韧带皱襞是完全垫在了髋关节表面,在关节活动时它们均不可能受伤.然而唇皱襞体形较大,在胎儿组5月龄时就已观测到,其出现率为78.81%.在儿童和成人组中,有九例唇皱襞伸进了股骨头和髋的窝关节面之间,在大腿内旋外施时,9例中的6例可滑进滑出,其余皱襞则在不能滑出.很可能唇皱襞就是在讨论中的髋关节疾患的主要根源.

Anatomical Study on the Synovial Plica of the Hip Joint

Observation and measurment of the Synovial folds of the hip joints were made on 21 embalmed cadavers of each of the fetus, children and adult groups. Our observation showed that the folds appeared in two forms, flat and villous, which were mainly confined to the external surface of the lower medial part of the acetabular labrum (labral plica), the base of the ligament of head of femur (ligamental plica) and along the reflecting line of the synovial membrane on th base of the femoral neck (neck plica). The ligamental plica was well padded with a fibroelastic pad of fat filling the acetabular fossa, while the neck plica was far away from the articular surfaces of the joint; as a result, both of them were not likely to be injured or entrapped during joint movements. The labral plica was larger than the above mentioned ones, having an incidence of 78.81% of the fetus group, and which was found only after 5 - months fetal ages. In nine cases of the children and adult groups, the labral folds extended in between the articular surface of the femoral head and the lower part of the acetabulum during medial rotation of the thigh. While the thigh was rotated laterally the folds in six of the ninecases can be returned to their original position, i. e., the folds of three cases refused ot retreat. Thepossibilitiy for the labral plica to be blamed as the chief culprit of certain hip joint disorders was discussed.