试述西方法社会学"活法"理论的两种观点

社会法学家们使用同样的研究方法来考察法律,但视角不同,导致各自的“活法”内容有差异。庞德的理论观点是研究“活法”的开端,埃利希的理论则是研究的重点。庞德肯定了除国家制定法之外,还存在着法官法,法律和道德很难严格区分是法官法存在的原因。埃利希认为法的真正渊源是社会而非国家,许多保证社会秩序化的行为规则都是法。“活法”理论认为法源于社会有其合理之处,盲目扩大法的范围和法律的变动性,有其不合理之处。

Two Sorts of Viewpoints of Lebendes Recht in Western Sociology Law

Sociological jurists study law by the same method but from different points of view,so their Lebendes recht are not identical completely.We regard Paund's theories as the beginning of researching in Lebendes recht,and Ehrlich's ones as the emphasis.Paund confirmed there exist judge-made law besides constitutional law,with difficulty in making a differentiation between law and morality.Ehrlich held law stemming from social but not state,it is laws that those conduct regulations guaranteeing order of social.In Lebendes recht,it is reasonable to recognize social as the origin of law,but it's unreasonable to unrealistically expand the scope and changes of law.