基于规划文本分析的地质旅游资源价值演化研究——黄河石林案例

地质旅游资源是旅游吸引物的重要依托载体,其价值演化研究对于地质公园的发展具有导向意义,同时构成了制定符合特定时期地质旅游资源综合价值充分释放的政策依据。基于黄河石林国家地质公园历年规划文本,通过高频特征词提取,以特征向量中心性和中介度中心性为指标,对其地质旅游资源价值演化进行了评价。结果表明,地质旅游资源价值构成大致以2012年为界限分为两个阶段,即保护与开发兼顾时期和综合开发时期。第一阶段地质公园的特征较为明显,“地貌、公园、保护”三个词出现的频率最高, “保护、自然、公园、景观、旅游、景区”处于主导地位,“公园、保护”拥有最高的影响力度。第二阶段以旅游为主题,“旅游、景区、项目、规划”出现的频率最高,“旅游、景区、发展、规划、建设、服务”处于主导地位,“旅游”的影响力度最大。导致这种演化的直接原因在于经济利益驱动,而具有中国特色的管理体制下政府对地质旅游资源价值的定位是决定其价值取向,从而导致地质旅游资源价值演化的根本原因。研究认为,中国特殊国情下的制度环境与制度安排决定了地质旅游的发展路径,是新制度经济学在国内旅游产业的实践应用,而这种特征正是人地关系相互影响的有效验证。

Geotourism resource value evolution based on planning text analysis for the Yellow River Stone Forest

Geotourism resources are important material carriers of tourism attraction. It is of great significance to research geotourism resource value evolution in order to guide geopark development and provide a policy basis for geotourism resource comprehensive value release within a specific time. High-frequency words were extracted based on previous planning text and the Eigenvector and Betweenness Centralization were used as indicators to determine the geotourism resource value evolution of the Yellow River Stone Forest. From the evolution process we can see that the geotourism resource value can be divided into two stages：protection with development stage and comprehensive development stage. It is characterized by ‘geopark’ in the first stage. For example,‘landform,park,protection’ own the highest frequency,‘protection,nature,park,landform,tourism,scenic region’ are in dominant position,and ‘park,protection’ own the biggest impact. ‘Tourism’ is taken as the theme in the second stage. For example,‘tourism,scenic region,project,planning’ own the highest frequency,‘tourism,scenic region,development,planning,construction,service’ are in the dominant position,and ‘tourism’ owns the biggest impact. The direct reason why the value changed is because of economic interests. However,the government determines value orientation in China and this is the primary cause of the evolution. Our findings research suggests that the special national conditions of the Chinese institutional environment and institutional arrangements determine the geotourism development pathway and the application of the new institutional economics in the domestic tourism industry,and that this character is just an effective verification of the interaction of human-land relationships in geography.