土壤微生物与作物土传病害控制

随着农业现代化水平的提高,以高投入与高产出、种植品种单一、复种指数高和大量施肥施药等为特点的集约化种植已成为我国重要的农业生产模式。由于对作物土传病原微生物生长繁殖规律和传播扩散途径的认识不足,随着集约化种植不断推广与发展,作物土传病害在我国已成蔓延趋势,对我国农业生产的可持续发展、农产品和生态环境安全提出了严峻的挑战。为了有效遏制作物土传病害蔓延势头,实现到2020年我国农药使用量零增长的目标,文章建议:开展土传病原微生物普查,测土施"药",深入研究作物土传病原微生物,大力普及科学种植知识。

Soil Microbes and Control of Soil-borne Diseases

With the agricultural modernization, intensive cultivations, which are characterized with high input of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides and high yields, mono-crop species consecutive culture, and large multiple cropping index, have become main patterns of crop production in China. Due to knowledge shortage on the propagation of soil-borne pathogens, soil-borne diseases of crops are spreading very rapidly among the intensive agricultural systems. The issue is now seriously challenging to the sustainable development, food safety and environmental protection in China. For effectively suppressing the spread of soil-borne diseases and realizing the target of "zero-increasing of pesticides consumption by 2020", we propose to take a survey with censuses on soil-borne pathogens overall the country, apply pesticides on the population density of soil-borne pathogens, strengthen the research on soil-borne pathogens and diseases, and disseminate the knowledge on propagation of soil-borne pathogens and crop management.