农药残留监测技术研究与监控体系构建展望

农药化学污染物残留问题已成为国际共同关注的食品安全重大问题之一。我国市售农产品中农药检出情况依然普遍,违禁、高剧毒农药残留仍在威胁民众"菜篮子"安全。作为农产品质量源头监管关键点之一的农药残留监测技术,已从经典的色谱技术、质谱技术,发展到高分辨质谱技术,并在非靶向农药目标物定性筛查方面实现了智能化、自动化创新。在调研分析1990—2016年4 000余篇农药残留检测SCI论文和国内外农药残留监控体系发展现状的基础上,文章结合作者团队近10年在高分辨质谱-互联网-数据科学/地理信息系统(GIS)三元融合技术研发与实践应用等方面取得的成果,着重探讨了提升农产品质量源头监管与风险溯源所需的核心技术手段,对构建我国市售食用农产品农药残留大数据库提出了规划和实施国家重大科技专项的建议,以期为落实国家"十三五"规划纲要"农药使用零增长行动"和"推进健康中国建设"提供技术支撑,促使食品安全监管前移,保障民众舌尖上的安全。

Prospect for Research of Pesticide Residue Monitoring Technique and Construction of Monitoring Systems

Pesticides and chemical contaminants residues have become one of the major food safety concerns of the world. The pesticides in the agricultural products sold on the market of China are still found frequently, and the banned and highly toxic pesticides remain a threat to the safety of the "vegetable basket" of our folks. Pesticides monitoring techniques, one of the key control points of the source control of the agricultural product quality, have already changed from the conventional chromatography and mass spectrometry to high-resolution mass spectrometry, with the realization of intelligentization and automation for the qualitative screening of non-target pesticides. On the basis of investigation and analysis of over 4 000 SCI analytical papers on pesticide residue from 1990 to 2016 and the present state of domestic and international pesticide monitoring systems, and combining the tri-element merging technique of high-resolution mass spectrometry-internetinformation technology/geographical information system (GIS) developed by the authors'' team over ten years with the practical application results, the research focuses on the core technical means needed to improve the source monitoring of agricultural product quality and risk traceability, and the proposals for planning and implementing national key scientific and technical projects have been put forward in order to develop big data bases for the pesticide residues in the agricultural products sold on the market of China for the purpose of providing technical support for the implementation of the state programs of "Zero Increase of Pesticide Use" and "Boosting the Construction of Healthy China" in 13th Five-Year Plan, as well as moving the food safety monitoring ahead and ensuring the safety of folks bite.