老龄化社会心理问题研究和心理服务实践——以江苏为例

当前,世界老龄化形势严峻,而我国更是全球老龄化速度最快和最严重的国家之一。如何更好应对人口老龄化、加快建设社会养老服务体系、发展养老服务产业,亟需一些能够反映国情的有针对性研究成果,包括针对老年人心理健康和心理服务的研究。文章以2012年和2014年江苏省所辖13个地级市的老年人心理健康的抽样调查数据为基础,同时参考国内外已有老年心理研究,从积极和消极两个方面分析了老年人心理健康状况和特征;从生理、社会和个体3个方面阐述了影响老年人心理健康的因素;基于江苏省老年心理健康实际工作,阐述了具有一定引领性且对其他省份具有借鉴作用的心理服务实践。

Psychological Issues Research and Service Practice of Aging Society with Case of Jiangsu Province

These days, aging population has become a global issue, and the situation in China is particularly grave, which leads to increasing attention from the government regarding the psychological health of the elderly. The Chinese government demands the relevant studies based on national conditions, focusing on the psychological problems and services for the elderly. The findings from these studies could help the government to cope with aging population, construct a social service system for the elderly, and develop pension service industry. Based on a large scale survey in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2014, the happiness of the elderly is relatively high and is affected by their age, marriage status, living condition, children''s situation, income level, and so on. Meanwhile, the elderly also experience a host of negative symptoms, including varied levels of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and paranoia. Furthermore, based on the experiences of mental health from Jiangsu Province, we described some innovative psychological services for the elderly.