导游知识构架的完善与旅游景观学的构建

导游是针对景观客体为游客提供文化服务的职业。目前导游队伍能一般性胜任旅游目的地讲解，难以胜任旅游环境或旅途景观的导游，成为导游知识结构欠完善的突出标志。导游分带路型、背诵型、解释型、学术型四类，以学术型导游的知识构架为相对完善。导游知识构架的欠完善有碍旅游生产力的进一步提高，是旅游生产力供需不协调在导游领域中的体现。形成导游知识欠完善的原因有教育培训内容不全、游客的文化欣赏水平不断提高、导游服务目标与激励机制发生错位等。构建旅游景观学是完善导游知识构架的主要举措。

The Improvement in Tour Guide Knowledge Structure and Construction of Tourism Landscape

Tour guide is a kind of profession to supply tourists with cultural service in the light of landscape.At (present),guide team can basically qualify the explanation to predetermined tour scenery but cannot undertake the guide of tour surroundings and views during a trip.The problem becomes the glaring symbol to the imperfect tour guide knowledge structure.Tour guides can be divided into four kinds: road guiding, reciting, explaining ,academic explaining.Relatively,the last one is the best.The imperfect tour guide knowledge structure hinders the development of the tourism productive forces, and reflects the tourism forces unbalance between supply and demand in the tour guide field.Reasons for imperfect tour guide knowledge include that the contents of tourism education and course training are not overall, tourists' level on culture appreciation has been continually improved,tour guides' service aim dislocates with invigorating mechanism,and so on. Constructing the study of Tourism Landscape is the main move for perfections of guide knowledge structure.