Relaxed population policy,family size and parental investments in children’s education in rural Northwestern China |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China;2. Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China;3. Department of Psychology, 3F5 George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States;1. College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China;2. Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China;3. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;4. UN Environment Programme-International Ecosystem Management Partnership (UNEP-IEMP), Beijing, China;5. School of Economics and Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China;6. China Center for Agricultural Policy, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China;1. Faculty of Education, University of Macau, China;2. Division of Learning, Development and Diversity, Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong, China;3. Center for Education Policy, Basic Education Department, Faculty of Education, Southwest University, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper examines the quantity-quality (QQ) trade-off of children in rural Northwestern China, using data collected from Gansu Province on a set of households whose children were born between the mid-1980s and early 1990s, the period when China’s one-child policy was temporarily relaxed. Under the relaxed policy, a second child was allowed if the first-born was a girl. Exploiting this policy change, this paper uses information on the sex of the first-born in a family to capture the causal effect of family size. In contrast to the results from ordinary least-squares regressions which suggest a strong QQ trade-off, the causal estimates based on the instrumental variable method indicate that rural parents hardly face such trade-off, at least in terms of their monetary investments in child education. The instrumental-variable estimation results remain similar when information on twin births is used for identification purpose. |
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| Keywords: | Family size Educational investments QQ trade-off of children One-child policy Rural China |
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