Perceived negative political climate among Hispanic/Latino adolescents before and after the 2020 U.S. presidential election: Associations with internalizing symptoms and substance use |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Bellmont Hall, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd., Austin, TX 78712, USA;2. Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA;3. Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;4. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, Verna & Peter Dauterive Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;5. Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, 5202 University Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA;6. School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland;1. Bilkent University, Turkey;2. North Carolina State University, USA;1. Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany;2. DIPF | Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation, Germany;1. Department of Social Work & Social Ecology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA;2. Department of Sociology & Social Services, California State University, East Bay; Hayward, CA, USA;1. Singapore Management University, Singapore;2. National University of Singapore, Singapore |
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| Abstract: | The political climate often changes following the installment of a new president. This volatility presents opportunities for examining how elections might affect vulnerable subgroups such as Hispanic/Latino (HL) adolescents. The present study explored the perception of negative political climate among HL adolescents before and after the 2020 U.S. presidential election and its association with internalizing symptoms and substance use. We conducted the study in Los Angeles and Miami between 2020 and 2021, with a sample of 304 HL adolescents (Females = 60.8 %), aged 15.3 years on average. Participants completed measures of negative political climate (pre- post-election) and measures of depressive symptoms, anxiety, substance misuse, and substance use intentions after the election. We used paired tests and linear mixed-effects modeling to explore changes in perceived negative climate before and after the election. Structural equation modeling was used to determine predictors of negative political climate and its associations with internalizing symptoms and substance use. Results indicated that following the election negative political climate increased significantly in Miami and among Cuban-origin adolescents but not in Los Angeles or among Mexican-origin adolescents. Pre-election perceived negative political climate was significantly predicted by gender, study site, and mother’s nativity. Pre-election negative political climate predicted post-election internalizing symptoms and substance use intentions indirectly through post-election negative political climate. HL youth’s perceived political climate is a complex construct that might vary across different sociopolitical contexts and populational sub-groups. Exploring variations in politically-based cultural stressors and their role as mental health and substance use risk factors is crucial to addressing HL disparities. |
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| Keywords: | Adolescence Hispanic/Latino Political climate Presidential election Internalizing symptoms Substance use |
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