民族文学研究的人类学方法探赜——以“仪式”为研究基点

跨学科的视野和交叉方法是民族文学研究的必然要求。在当代少数民族小说中，一个不容忽视之处便是文本中的仪式现象。这为民族文学研究的人类学视角、借鉴仪式理论提供了可能。然而，学界并没有给予仪式现象高度的重视，或是对仪式作文化学解剖，或是将仪式书写理解为风情饰品。以仪式为突破口，借鉴人类学的理论与方法，不但能够让民族文学批评更具有深度，同时也可以在总结、归纳．、反思的基础上形成民族文学理论成果。

Study on Ethnic Literature Research and Anthropological Methods ---Taking Ritual as Example

In the contemporary nationality novels, a phenomenon that cannot be ignored is the ritual full in the text. However, scholars have not given a high degree of attention to this phenomenon on standpoint of literature ： or they haven＇ t given ritual a cultural dissection, or they consider ritual as customs describing. We should take ritual as a breakthrough point and draw anthropological theory and methods, then we can make nationalistic cultural criticism be deeper, and also the nationalistic cultural theory can be formed at the basis of summary, generalization and reflection.