雅斯贝尔斯教育思想述评

雅斯贝尔斯是西方著名的哲学家、心理学家和教育家,《什么是教育》是其论述教育的代表作。他认为教育是人对人的主体间灵肉的交流活动。教育的本质是精神的,是人的灵魂的教育,是对终极价值和真理的虔敬和追求,而不是理智知识和认识的堆积。他提倡教育过程中学生的自我选择、自我发展和自我完善,以促使学生自由发展。他认为大学有四大任务:研究教学和专业课程;教育与教养;生命的精神交往;学术。他的教育思想也有一种过于理想化的色彩,但对教育发展仍不失重要的参考价值。

Karl Jaspers' thoughts on education

As a well-known Western philosopher,psychologist and educationalist,Karl Jaspers wrote the book What's Education,which was one of his representative works on education.In this book,he proposed the idea that education is a communication process between spirit and souls of human beings as subjects.The nature of education is spiritual,and it is also about the education of human souls instead of accumulation of intelligence and knowledge.He advocated that in the process of education students should have their own rights to make self-selection,selfcultivation and self-improvement in order to develop without limitations.Jaspers thought that a university should shoulder four tasks: research about teaching and specialized courses,education and cultivation,spiritual communication of lives as well as academic activities.Although his thoughts about education are slightly impractical,they are still instructive for the development of education.