关中地区环境问题及其承载能力分析

针对关中地区水环境存在的几个问题,即:地表水中渭河水质污染逐年加重,河道径流量逐年减少,下游泥沙淤积日趋加重;潜水层污染严重及地下水过量开采导致一系列环境地质问题;区域内城市缺水问题严重,农村用水供需矛盾加剧及渭河主干道生态缺水等。结合区域水环境承载能力的定量分析,测算出流域内各行政区的水环境承载能力,提出西安属于无开发余地的超载区,其它地区皆为可开发地区。开发余地大小依次为宝鸡、渭南、咸阳、铜川,同提出了区域调水、节约用水、加强管理和重视研究等治理对策。

Analysis On The Water Environmental Problems and its Bearing Capacity in Guanzhong area

In the middle and lower regions of China Guanzhong area,the water environmental problems are as follows:the accelerative pollution of the earth's surface water,the reduction of runoff, the aggravation of the filled up silt downriver, the severe pollution of the diving region,and a series of environmental problems caused by exploiting excersively underground water.This paper gauged and ciphered out water environmental bearing capacity of each district in drainage area by combining the quantity analysis about bearing capacity in one region,and suggested that Xi'an belong to the area overloaded and has no space to develop any more,whereas other areas-Baoji,Weinan, Xianyang and Tongchuan-take turns to be the developable areas.The paper,in addition,introduced some measures aiming at the water environmental problems of Weihe drainage area, such as, to adjust the district water, to economize in making use of the study, and so on.