论清代的塾师与乡村杂事

清代的塾师在教学之外,还要应付一些乡村民众日常生活中的杂事。这些杂事包括文字方面的杂事,主要有帮看文字、命名起字、写对联、写招贴、写契约文书、写寿文、写碑文等。除了文字方面的杂事之外,还有帮办婚事和丧事、居间调停、做媒、算命看风水,乃至看病立方等。塾师参与乡村杂事,给乡村社会的居民日常生活带来了方便,具有浓重的地方底层风俗文化特色,体现了塾师在乡村社会中的特殊作用。

Private Tutor and Country Trifles in the Qing Dynasty

Beside teaching private tutor also had to coped with some rural people's daily life trifles in the Qing Dynasty.These trifles about words included helping to read,making up a name,writing couplets,writing posters,writing contract documents,writing a paper to celebrate the birthday,writing epigraph,etc.In addition,Private tutor also helped rural people to conduct marriage and mourning,act as matchmaker,mediate contradictions,see feng shui,and even cure disease,etc.Private tutor participating in rural trifles...