王维与阮籍--兼论对王维的评价问题

在王维研究中,人们习惯于将王维描述成一个佛教徒,一个隐士,一个田园山水诗人,并习惯于对王维诗中的“禅趣”和“禅意”以及王维同陶渊明,谢灵运等田无山水诗人的传承关系作分析,这种研究有其合理性,但以偏概全,据统计,王维存诗四百多首,田园山水诗只占其中的三分之一,王维诗歌的内容是相当丰富的,其中蕴涵的情感也相当复杂,故“佛教徒、隐士,田园山水诗人”还无法概括王维一生及其在诗歌中表现出的情感状态,而从王维与阮籍的关系角度入手可以破解王维研究中的许多迷茫和王维自身及诗歌中表现出的种种矛盾心态,从而揭示王维的“生命本相”。

A Comparison between Wang Wei and Ruan Ji

In the research of Wang Wei,people used to describe him as a Buddhist, a hermit, or a pastoral poet, and used to make an analysis of his ideas about "Zen interest and"Zen intention"and of his inheritance with Tao Yuanming and Xie lingyun who were also hermits and pastoral poets. Such a research has its reasonableness,but it uses the part to cover the full. According to statistics,Wang's extant poems amount to over 400;however,his pastoral poems are only one-third of them.The contents of these poems are very rich and the emotion implied in them is quite complicated. As a result the terms such as Buddhist,hermit and pastoral poet cannot generalize Wang's whole life and emotion.Through a discussion on his relations to Ruan Ji, we may unlock many perplexities in the study of Wang Wei and understand his contradicting attitudes about himself and his poems so as to reveal his real life.