中国县级政府规模的问题与出路

20世纪90年代中期以来,县级政府规模问题成为学界关注的焦点之一。从衡量政府规模的主要指标来看,其规模不论是从公共支出、机构数量还是从公务人员占人口的比重来看,在中国目前的社会经济条件下显然过于庞大。从县级政府的功能来看,由于没有跟上市场化的发展,职能转变不到位,从而在维护农村稳定、促进农村发展、提供公共物品和服务等方面的功能正在逐步萎缩。县级政府规模扩大既受其自身权力结构、机构设置、工作作风的影响,也受政府体制、财政体制、政府过程等方面的制约。剖析县级政府规模扩大的原因,是进行县政改革的基本前提。

Problems with the Scales of County Governments in China and the Way out

Since the middle 1990s,the problems with the scales of county governments have become one of the focal attentions in the academic world.Judged by the major targets measuring the scales of county governments,the public expenditure,the quantities of organizations,and the proportion of public servants on population,and the scales of county governments of China today are obviously to large for the social and economic conditions.As for the functions of county governments,since most of them are lagging behind the development of marketing,and the changing of their functions to suit the needs of marketing has not completed,the functions of the county governments on upholding the stability of the countryside,promoting the development of the countryside,and providing public goods and services,have been shrinking gradually.The enlarging of the scales of county governments is not only influenced by their power structures,the setting up of organizations,the working style,it also has something to do with the system of government,the system of finance,and the governmental process,etc.so analyzing the reasons for enlarging the scales of county governments is the basic premise for the county governments.