论道家哲学思想对张衡的影响

张衡受《太玄经》思想的启蒙,对于自然、宇宙、天文的研究有浓厚的兴趣。张衡在他的天文学著作《灵宪》中明确提出了“浑天”学说,其中用“道根、道干、道实”来论述宇宙的起源、发展,“阙中惟虚,阙外惟无”称谓“溟滓”,用道根来概括;第二阶段各种不同物质性元气不断运转,混沌不分,称谓“庞鸿”,用道干来概括;又经过相当长的时间,这团元气清浊分离,天形成于外,地形成于里,天地构合精气,生育万物,称谓“太元”,用道实来概括。道家哲学关于宇宙的起源的论述是张衡天文学著作《灵宪》的主导思想。同时,道家哲学豁达开朗的生死观,尖锐透辟的“人情之察”,不计名利的价值取向,在张衡的文学作品之中也有充分地体现,如“何道真之淳粹兮,去秽累而漂轻。”“谅天道之微昧,追渔夫以同嬉。超尘埃以遐逝,与世乎长辞”等等,都体现了道家精神风骨。

The Influence of Taoist Philosophy on Zhangheng

This thesis expounded the basic idea of Taoist Philosophy and its influence on Zhangheng. Enlightened by the idea of "Taixuan Sutra", Zhangheng had a great interest in the research in Nature, the Universe and Astronomy. In Zhangheng's astronomical work "Ling Xian",he put forward the theory of'Huntian" explicitly. In this theory,he used the concept of "the root of Taoism", "the trunk of Taoism"and "the fruit of Taoism"to expound the origin and the development of the Universe. Taoist Philosophy's discussion on the origin of the Universe is the dominant idea of "Ling Xian". At the same time, the optimistic idea of life and death, the sharp sense of consciousness, the value orientation that do not mind of fame and gain are all expressed fully in Zhangheng' s cultural works and contained the idea of Taoist Philosophy.