用不同空中姿态进行摸高的计算机模拟

从电视转播权合同、球场重建、俱乐部上市三方面综述了英国职业足球近10年的商业化发展情况,以及由此带来的对英国足球文化、俱乐部运作模式、联赛发展状态等方面的影响。得出如下结论:(1)英国职业足球是在1992年以后愈加商业化的,直接影响因素是电视转播权出售带来的巨大收入;(2)英超的经营模式与美国的NFL或NBA有所不同,英超联盟收入分配政策造成俱乐部之间的贫富差距,导致联赛市场的不平衡;(3)英国足球俱乐部的球场重建改善了英国足球的形象,但也给俱乐部提高门票价格提供了借口;(4)职业俱乐部上市,使英国传统的俱乐部性质发生了根本性质的改变,原来的业余主义足球文化逐渐被销蚀,足球产业化愈演愈烈。另外,上市俱乐部在俱乐部的治理模式上也发生着变化。5)英国职业足球俱乐部的经济状况并不乐观,英超中只有六七家俱乐部税前盈利,大部分俱乐部负债累累。

Computer Simulation of the Jump with the Different Postures

In order to explore the affection of different body postures on reaching height in the air,the jumps in different postures of a male athlete were simulated with Chinese Model.It was shown that the different postures had some affection on the reaching height.highest reaching height could be achieved when the subject was in the posture of stretching lower extremities with the upper extremity up.The reaching height was the lowest when the athlete stretched lower extremity straightly with upper extremities up.The difference between the highest and the lowest was about22.98cm,which was about7%of the total jump height.In the extent of affection,the lower extremity seemed to be greater than the upper extremity.